How Israel Trapped Hamas Leader Yahya Sinwar

In early 2023, Israel’s special forces, known as the 98th commando division, discovered a hidden compound in the tunnels beneath southern Gaza. This place had a kitchen, sleeping areas, and even a bathroom decorated with a picture of a beach sunset. But whoever had been living there had just escaped.

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For nine long months, Israel was on the lookout for Yahya Sinwar, the leader of Hamas and the mastermind behind the deadly attacks on October 7, 2022. Despite their advanced technology and intelligence, Sinwar remained elusive, like a ghost in the dark tunnels of Gaza. An Israeli general, Dan Goldfus, confidently stated, “It doesn’t matter how many tunnels there are; we will find him.”

Before the October attacks, Israel had considered eliminating Sinwar, viewing him as a significant national threat. However, the plans often fell apart due to disagreements among Israeli officials. However, after the horrific attacks that resulted in the deaths of 1,200 people and the kidnapping of 250 others, there was no longer any debate. The hunt for Sinwar intensified.

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Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, center, during September 2018 protests in Khan Younis, Gaza.

This mission was one of Israel’s biggest military operations, with its internal security agency, Shin Bet, and military forces working closely with U.S. intelligence. Sinwar was clever, using simple but untraceable communication methods and relying only on his most trusted aides. He commanded a vast network of tunnels that helped him evade capture.

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Mourners digging a grave at the funeral of David Caroll, who was killed by Hamas militants in Israel on Oct. 7, 2023.

Arab negotiators tried to persuade Sinwar to surrender in exchange for the release of hostages, but he refused. He believed the conflict he started could draw in Iran and Hezbollah, potentially igniting a broader regional war. “I’m not under siege; I’m on Palestinian soil,” he defiantly told mediators.

As the conflict escalated, the situation in Gaza became increasingly dire, with over 42,000 deaths reported. Israel continued to destroy key tunnel networks, forcing Sinwar to emerge from hiding. He spent more time above ground in the Tel al-Sultan area of Rafah, making him more vulnerable to capture.

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Israeli airstrikes in Gaza on Oct. 9, 2023.

On October 16, 2024, a series of events led to Sinwar’s demise. Israeli soldiers, while training, spotted some Hamas militants trying to hide. In the chaos that followed, they engaged in a fierce firefight. One militant fled into a nearby building, and when Israeli forces searched the area, they found a man half-buried in the rubble. He was wearing civilian clothes and a combat vest, and he looked just like Sinwar.

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Funeral prayers for Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar on Oct. 18 in Khan Younis, Gaza.

The Israeli military quickly identified the body as Sinwar’s. His death marked the end of a long and dangerous hunt that had captivated both sides of the conflict.

As the dust settled, it was clear that Sinwar’s evasion tactics had kept him one step ahead for months, but in the end, he could not escape the relentless pursuit of Israeli forces. His story serves as a chilling reminder of the complexities and dangers of war in Gaza.

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