The Scattered Islands are a group of small islands in the western Indian Ocean. Long ago, they were part of Madagascar, but over time, they fell under French control, just like Madagascar itself did for a while. Although Madagascar gained independence in 1960, France kept control of these islands, creating a long-standing disagreement.

Earlier this week, the President of Madagascar, Andry Rajoelina, made a bold statement: "The Scattered Islands belong to Madagascar." His declaration reig...